DNA Molecule :: Biology, The Mitochondrial Cyt B

Haruan Channa striatus is in great pauperization in the Malaysian domestic fish market. Therefore,detailed knowledge of the heritable diversity and community patrimonials of Haruan C. striatus areneeded for sound management, conservation, mental strain identification and successful fishing of thespecies. Haruan, the local name for the snakehead Channa striatus is an sustain freshwater fishof the family Channidae, which has all important(p) economic value as nourishment fish, and haspharmacological properties as wellhead as medicinal value (Mat Jais, 1991, 2007a, 2007b Rahim etal., 2009 Jamaluddin et al., 2011). Haruan C. striatus kitty be morphologically distinguished ground on coloration, meristics and morphometrics (Mat Jais, 1991 Rahim et al., 2009), as well asthe distribution of scales on the underside of the brokener jaw, and the morphology of thesuprabranchial organs and a sharp pointed ridge at the mid-ventral part of isthmus (Vishwanathand Geetakymari, 2009). The fell species found in small rivers, lakes, pools and shallow waterbodies where agro-chemicals are apply in their natural habitats can survive in harshenvironments with low dissolved oxygen and high ammonia (Rahim et al., 2009 Jamaluddin,2011). Haruan C. striatus in particular has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 42, with akaryotype composed of 6 metacentric, 2 acrocentric and 34 telocentric chromosomes, NF=50,without heteromorphic sex chromosomes (Supiwong et al., 2009).The mitochondrial cyt b is one of the most important proteins encoding genes on theheavy strand of the mtDNA molecule, which has been widely used in molecular markertechniques for many applications to access intra- or interspecies contractable diversity, geneticvariation, phylogeography, species and hybrid identification, phylogeny in numerous species andgenera, population genetic structure, conservation and demographic history (Hsu et al., 2009 Liet al., 2009, Ma et al., 2010 Thangaraj and Lipton, 2010). Due to the probable of Haruan C.striatus previous studies have analyzed the genetics of this species at the morphological,biological, diet, physiological, biochemical composition, ecological and chromosomal level forbreeding programs and medical and pharmaceutical activities for anti-microbial, antiinflammatory,cell proliferation, elicitation of platelet aggregation and anti-nociceptive properties(Mat Jais, 2007b Rahim et al., 2009 Supiwong et al., 2009 Dahlan-Daud et al., 2010Jamaluddin et al., 2011). In recent years, preliminary analysis of Haruan C. striatus populationshas been examined based on different molecular markers, such as analysis of mitochondrialmtDNA (Abol-Munafi, 2007 Lakra et al., 2010 Jamaluddin et al., 2011), haphazard amplifiedpolymorphic DNA (RAPD Ambak et al., 2006) and allozyme markers (Hara et al., 1998).Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) has been be to be a successful method instudying the population genetic structure and differentiation of many fish, such as skipjack tuna tuna