Diabetes A Major Public Health Issue Health Essay

Diabetes A major(ip)(ip) Public Health Issue Health EssayAccording to true foreshadows about 366 trillion mass mother diabetes in 2011 all over world. It has been projected that by 2030 this lead have risen to 552 cardinal. The number of spate with type 2 diabetes is increasing throughout the globe. Among them about 80% of flock with diabetes live in mild- and middle-income countries. The volume of people with diabetes lie in the mount up group of 40 to 59 years of age. Almost half of this commonwealth, 183 cardinal people (50%) is undiagnosed.Diabetes caused 4.6 million wipeouts in 2011. 78,000 children develop type 1 diabetes each year.India has become the global capital for both the kinds of affection- Communicable as tumefy as NCD or life-style diseases. in that location is this double burden of disease. The major diseases in the NCDs are Diabetes, CHD and Hypertension. These three diseases alone cause more than than cd deaths per million population in a yea r. Among them Diabetes demands the major concern because it is elaborately related to the development of the two different factors (increases the peril of) CHD and Hypertension. in that respect is withal an increasing trend of obesity world-wide which alike adds to the development of Diabetes as a risk factor.It is the fourth or fifth leading cause of death in the most high-income countries and it is taking the form of an epidemic in galore(postnominal) growing as well. Diabetes has become one of the most challenging health problems of this century. There have been umteen studies since the last two decades which confirm that the low and middle income countries are going to face the greatest burden of this disease. The brasss and unexclusive health planners of many developing countries including India still remain ignorant of this upcoming health evil. The magnitude of this disease has serious implications in terms of its sparing burden in its treatment and loss in ter ms of profit and deteriorated quality of work by people affected by Diabetes. This target drastically influence the growth of a ground e finickyly developing countries bid India.Global Prevalence of Diabetes and projection till 2030global-diabetes.pngNumbers of people with diabetes (in millions) for 2000 and 2010 (top and middle values, respectively), and the percentage increasewed.pngSource- Nature Vol. 414 13 December 2001 www.nature.comThere have been reports of increasing cases of Myocardial Infarction thus far in in truth unf takeged patients among the Juvenile diabetes cases. It is a far more disabling than principally considered, it drastically decreases ones stamina and working capacity. As it is a multisystem disorder it influences other sensory functions as well such(prenominal) as diabetic retinopathy (hampering vision), Diabetic nephropathy (causing renal disease and failure), Diabetic neuropathy (including diabetic foot) and many other complications.The presen tation of classical symptoms of polydypsia, polyphagia, polyuria is not always the movie of diabetes. It is only seen in few classical cases. So, it is often diagnosed during routine test or run done when patient had presented for some other disease or illness. The leave out of awareness among people about this disease is of major concern. Due to this many cases go undetected.India has imitated the Western ways of lifestyle and hence illnesses such as obesity and diabetes are increasing day by day. In 2011, India had 62.4 million people with type 2 diabetes, compared with 50.8 million cases in 2010, according to the internationalistic Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation. The nationwide prevalence of diabetes in India now excel 9%, and is as high as 20% in the relatively prosperous southern cities. By 2030, the IDF predicts, India will have 100 million people with diabetes.Another matter of great concern is the fact that the invasion of type 2 diabetes tends to affect people in the West in their 40s and 50s, whereas the disease strikes Indians at a often younger age. Even young people of 25 years of age are being diagnosed with the disease, a trend that threatens to seriously hamper the countrys economic development.The rise of type 2 diabetes in India was in fact foreseen by some scientists and health experts. Till1980s, the urban prevalence of diabetes was at least double the rural prevalence. But this usher of diabetes has changed signifi butt jointtly over time and has spread out of urban cities into the countryside and majority of rural areas.Type 2 Diabetes constitutes more than 90 % of the whole diabetes cases in any country including India. It has a wide variety of determinants and risk factors associated with it, which lead to be known and focused during indemnity readying to address Diabetes.etiologic determinants and risk factors of type 2 diabetesGenetic factorsGenetic markers, family history, thrifty ge ne(s)demographic characteristicsSex, age, ethnicityBehavioural- and lifestyle-related risk factorsObesity (including distri aloneion of obesity and duration)Physical inactivitydietingStressWesternization, urbanization, modernizationMetabolic determinants and intermediate risk categories of type 2 diabetesImpaired glucose toleranceInsulin resistancePregnancy-related determinants (parity, gestational diabetes, diabetes in offspringof women with diabetes during pregnancy, intra-uterine mal or over nutrition)Source- Nature Vol. 414 13 December 2001 Www.Nature.ComVillages in wealthier southern states like Tamil Nadu and Kerala are seeing prevalence hit double digits, which is enormous. If it was limit to affluent India, you could still put a lid on it, but now its rising quickly all over the country. as per Nikhil Tandon, an endocrinologist at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi.There is also a considerable genetic propensity towards Diabetes in the Asian popul ation particularly in India.india diabtes.pngAIMS OBJECTIVESDiabetes has yet not been recognized in our country as a major public health issue, although the morbidity and death rate and hence economic burden and loss due to it is practically higher(prenominal) than that caused by many other communicable or other diseases such as AIDS or STDs, for which there are well hypothesize programs. But there are no such programs or targeted advance to tackle this very prominent deterrent of health in our country, Diabetes. There is almost no health care accessibility and availability give in this regard in public scale. They are primarily excluded from government policies and decision making process. Not much work or studies have been conducted on the prevalence of Diabetes in India, especially rural India. There is a involve to assess the real magnitude of this urgent problem which demands special concern in form of targeted policies and programs and blanket. The aim of my study is t o highlight the speedy need of recognition of Diabetes as a major public-health concern and formulation of strategies,Policies and programs concerning Diabetes in India.RECOMMENDATIONS(1) Studies need to be conducted to determine the train of awareness and experience about diabetes at the community level in different split of India. As we know IEC is very important for any community or mass scale program to be successful. It is also important in view of the Sickness behavior and the sick role played by the individuals. Creating awareness among the people will make them come up for the screening and a better turn up for treatment in beforehand(predicate) stage which will meaningfully reduce the loss due to the disease to the person and state as a whole.(2) More studies and research requirement to identify the risk factors for diabetes, the relationship between anthropometric measures and diabetes risk and estimate the burden of diabetes in this rural Indian population with a n objective to identify target areas for future healthcare planning.(3) Screening programs need to be conjecture in the mass scale and many rounds of such screening will be required to assess the real magnitude of the problem in Indian population, so that, resources are used accordingly for planning of policies and programs. These info will be extremely important for planning the public health policies especially the envisaged National Diabetic dominate Program.(4) Tracing the exact specimen of the disease in the population and its demographic pattern is essential. Some of the recent studies have identified increasing cases of juvenile diabetes and there is detection of more and more cases in the lower marginalized and poorer section of population (Diabetes was once believed to be disease of elites, those of the rich sections of population associated with over eating, obesity etc). Now the picture of disease is changing which needs to be traced and addressed in the future(a) p olicies for diabetes subordination and prohibition. Research should also be directed in the heed to identify the most appropriate test for screening purpose, as the results work out on the test occupied to a signifi do-nothingt degree, especially when employed for mass screening.(5) Clear cut policy outlines to tackle with the complications of Diabetes- The complications due to Diabetes can be even more disabling and in some cases even fatal. So it is very important to make clear cut policy outlines to tackle with the complications of Diabetes and its prevention. Measures should aim at intensive control of blood glucose to prevent the retinal, renaland neuropathic complications of diabetes. There is a concealed burden of Impaired Glucose Tolerance. The orifice of preventing type 2 diabetes by interventions that affect the lifestyles of subjects at high risk for the disease have focused on people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). It affects at least 200 million people worl dwide. Approximately 40% of subjects progress to diabetes over 5-10 years, but some revert to normal or remain IGT. So, it is very essential to take this group of individuals into consideration.(6) Formation of a separate body under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare as Diabetes Control Organization or so to tackle with Diabetes in an integrated and oecumenical way throughout the country. Formulation of Control and Prevention Programs to be apply in each state.Prior to this there should be formation of an good group to assess the actual prevalence and exact demographic characteristics of Diabetes in different regions of India.(7) Reinforcing legislative changes such as increased taxation of trusted unhealthy foods to promote healthy diet. Although it is difficult but such go may help to a great extent.CONCLUSIONA much more integrated approach is needed to have a significant impact on the diabetes epidemic in India. Type 2 diabetes is not merely a disease but reflection of a much bigger problem, that is, the effect of environmental and lifestyle changes on human health. We need well integrated policies for education of the mass through IEC. The major coincidence of Diabetes cases in India is Type-2 which is preventable. It is a huge threat to public health and in absence of interventions there would be great loss.Thus prevention of diabetes and its micro- and macro-vascular complications should be an essential component of future public health strategies for all nations. An essential and immediate need is the formation of multidisciplinary national encompassing all parties that can help address and control the underlying socioeconomic causes that have led to the diabetes epidemic.ANNEXURERecent studies have highlighted the potential for intervention in IGT subjects to reduce emanation to type 2 diabetes. One such study is the recently blameless Diabetes Prevention Program in the United States.Diabetes education is necessary to control Diabetes. It in cludes diabetes self-management education (DSME) and diabetes self-management training (DSMT). It helps people to modify their behavior and hence mange the disease. thinking(a) People 2010 objective regarding diabetes education- At least 60 percent of persons with diabetes should foregather formal diabetes education in order to attain considerable level of awareness in the community as per the American Association of Diabetes Educators. contestation of Stake holders-Govt. of India, Ministry of health and Family Welfare.State Governments.NGOs and other organizationsMedia for awareness.Family of Diabetic patients.